Technology and Privavy - 636 Words

Technology and Privacy Name: Course: Institution: Lecture Date: The world today has modern technology that makes life easier and dependable on it. Technology claims a huge influence on many aspects of life: economic, social and political among others. There are both aesthetic and scientific dimensions towards technology in that those scientists and artists have worked single-handedly or together in the future and present-day like in making dimensional inventions. Although the technology has its positive on the human life, it also has its negative effects on humans. Over years now so many evils against humanity have cropped up socially, politically and even economically (Agre amp; Rotenberg 1998). Politically, people have pointed†¦show more content†¦Technology companies have also been confirmed to changing the advertising operations to advertising exchanges where they trade the users’ personal profiles to advertisers for marketing that is only beneficial to them. Sometimes the information is used in frauds for basis of overcharging or even turning down consumer applications like insurance firms. Technology has made it possible to trace back a user trail via viewing the history and cookies which retain data unless manually deleted. Personal records like medical records may also be revealed to unauthorised person or organisations during data breaches (Solove, 2004). Technology has been known to make among the biggest profits in the economy. Most of the success is associated with its significant and multiple advertising capabilities though theories of fraud have contributed in making money. Some technology firms practise target advertising where the user may have profiled in their sites giving out essential information that makes them a key target of the ad. Business is currently dependent on information technology for transactions. Though it may seem efficient, there is no guarantee of the consumers’ privacy especially in more individualized market transactions which require greater monitoring hence more information (Iyer amp; Samociuk 2006). In conclusion, technology has contributed significantly in invading the personal privacy through information breaches that may occur from social sites and

Ethical Issues Within The Pharmaceutical Industry Essay

In this paper, I will cover ethical issues within the pharmaceutical industry, present opinion on Direct-to-Consumer marketing by drug companies, determine the parties responsible for regulation of compounding pharmacies, PharmaCARE used U.S. law to protect its own intellectual property, summarize at least one current example of intellectual property theft, analyze the potential issues surrounding the death of John’s wife, and lastly present major arguments that John can claim as a whistleblower. Ethical issues within the pharmaceutical industry PharmaCARE created a wholly-owned subsidiary called CompCARE. This company became PharmaCARE compounding pharmacy to sell the drug called AD23 to individuals on a prescription basis and also used this company to avoid the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) scrutiny. The first problem that I see here is the company appears to have skipped all of the drug testings to determine if there are any problems with the AD23 drug. Instead the company jump on the idea that this drug might slow the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. But again, there is no medical research on the creation of the drug and also the research of any tests to support the safety of the drug and also the documentation of the slowing the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Hence, why they avoided the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA). Next unethical problem is CompCARE benefited from PharmaCARE’s reputation, databases, network s, and sales and marketingShow MoreRelatedEthical Issues Within The Pharmaceutical Industry Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pagescover ethical issues within the pharmaceutical industry, present opinion on Direct-to-Consumer marketing by drug companies, determine the parties responsible for regulation of compounding pharmacies, PharmaCARE used U.S. law to protect its own intellectual property, summarize at least one current example of intellectual property theft, analyze the potential issues surrounding the death of John’s wife, and lastly present major arguments that John can claim as a whistleblower. Ethical issues withinRead MoreThe Ethical Appropriateness Of Direct Consumer Advertising Of Drugs Essay1246 Words   |  5 Pagesjudgement on the ethical appropriateness of direct consumer advertising of drugs? I believe in the case where pharmaceutical companies are advertising with television commercials or paid advertisements within magazines are well within moral and good ethical standards. Consumers can choose to remain on the same television channel or read an advertisement within a magazine to become more educated about a specific pharmaceutical. However, in the case referenced in the article, where a pharmaceutical companyRead MoreDrug Development Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesDrug development This entire section on drug development highlights concerns which are very particular to the industry. They therefore lead to the implementation of CSR activities which are also very industry specific, although aspects such as animal testing and ethics in research can be shared by other industries such as the cosmetics industry, or the medical device sector for instance. Need for RD and innovation Today, the need for RD and innovation is great, maybe greater than ever. In theRead MoreControversy in the Pharmacy Industry1142 Words   |  5 PagesThe pharmaceutical industry is a highly competitive business and its success depends on the sales and marketing of each particular drug. But more recently, there have been a rise in issues relating to the rapid growth of pharmaceutical use, spending for drugs and related concerns about drug prices, among many other issues relating to scandal with vaccinations. The pharmaceutical industry may have their issues, but there has been a lot of good to come from this industry when it comes to one’s healthRead MoreExpensive Pharmaceutical Products versus Cheaper Analogs894 Words   |  4 PagesThe major players of the pharmaceutical industry, producing expensive products, are under pressure of companies, producing cheaper analogs. The question is not only the high costs but also the high drug safety of these companies. Large â€Å"original† pharmaceutical companies argue that an imitation product cannot guarantee high drug safety and could harm the reputation of the original drug, thereby devalue it, and make it vulnerable to the market. Companies-producers of â€Å"blockbusters† are in an advantageousRead MoreEthical Issue in Pharmacy1618 Words   |  7 PagesEthical issues in the retail pharmaceutical industry: An analysis of the ethical dilemmas faced within Chaguanas Drug Mart Limited Abstract: The ethical duty of a pharmacy is to promote a patient’s best interest. However, certain obvious ethical issues will arise. Within any business involved in bulk purchasing the issue of unconscious theft will also occur. The following paper focuses on the application of ethical theories that supports as well as argues the behavior within Chaguanas Drug MartRead MoreCvs Sets High Standards For Csr Policies944 Words   |  4 PagesCSR policies. The strategy is build upon three key factors, which include building healthy communities, protecting the planet, and creating economic opportunities. It â€Å"is supported by strategic priorities and goals, and aligned with the CSR material issues we identified in 2013, a process that was informed by internal and external stakeholders† (CVS Health). One of the factors, which are also included in our CVS ´s mission statement, is to make healthcare accessible and affordable. The market reachRead MoreThe Medical Disaster Associated With Thalidomide Administration1319 Words   |  6 PagesStructurally, Thalidomide exists in an asymmetric chiral configuration when administered. This chirality (the ability of a compound to exist in more than one isomer or chemical structure) may have resulted in thalidomide having many unknown actions within the body, one of which was the severing of blood supply to limbs and other organs (anti-angiogenesis) in developing fetuses before the 6th week of development. According, to D’Amato et al (1994) experiments conducted post-thalidomide disaster showedRead MoreGsk a Merger Too Far1158 Words   |  5 Pagesmacro-environment surrounding the pharmaceutical industry. (9 points) * PESTEL analysis of the pharmaceutical industry: Political: Since the creation of healthcare insurance, companies have to conform themselves to two kinds of systems: 1) The universal system applied for example in France, with less demand in new technologies. 2) The very selective anglo-saxon system which is looking for high technologies, excluding people who can pay for treatments. As we know the industry have to work on growingRead MoreThe Medical Disaster Associated With Thalidomide Administration1231 Words   |  5 PagesStructurally, Thalidomide exists in an asymmetric chiral configuration when administered. This chirality (the ability of a compound to exist in more than one isomer or chemical structure) may have resulted in thalidomide having many unknown actions within the body, one of which was the severing of blood supply to the limbs and other organs (anti-angiogenesis) in developing fetuses before the 6th week of development. According, to D’Amato et al (1994) experiments conducted post-thalidomide disaster

Pestle Analysis of Singe pore Airlines†Free-Samples for Students

Question: Do Pestle Analysis Of Singepore Airlines. Answer: Introduction Singapore based reputed company who has built great reputation for superiority in consumer service is Singapore Airlines, also known as SIA, has gained much attention for its detailed and improved stand in designing strategic management. By giving consideration to all available sources of competitive advantage and establishing a well nurtured management system, the company has been able to survive the airline industry with gaining significance. SIA was commenced on 12 October 1937 with the incorporation of Malayan Airlines by the Ocean Steamship Company of Liverpool, Imperial Airways, and Straits Steamship Company situated at Singapore.(Singapore Airlines: Sustainability Report FY2016/17, 2017) The company was successful in expanding its business with technical assistance of British Commonwealth Airlines and IATA. The company started to schedule regular flights from Singapore to Kuala Lumpur and Ipoh to Penang. In 1957 the company became public after the fleet included Douglas DC-3s in large numbers and was named as Malayan Airlines. Again in 1963, with the formation of federation of Singapore, Sabah, Malaya, and Sarawak the company was renamed as Malaysian Airlines. Finally in the year 1966, when Singapore got separated from the federation, it renamed the company under Singapore Airlines and made its company high rise headquarters based in Singapore.(Singapore Airlines: Sustainability Report FY2016/17, 2017) Since its formation, the mission of the company is to provide with high quality transportation service and return utmost revenue to its stakeholders.(AYOB) Pestle Analysis Of Singepore Airlines With the help of PESTLE analysis; factors relating political, technological, legal, economic, social and environmental forces that affects the company externally but is relevant to the firm will be considered.(Frue, 2017) Politically, any airline industry is prone to government instability in the areas where it conducts its operation. For example, incidents of revolution in Arabian countries have led to curtailing of flight takeoffs in this region which had affected the cost operation of SIA. On the other hand opportunity that lies are most of the airlines carries National Flag of the country as its main carrier sign and represents the country itself and thus the government are likely to support them in all ways. Airline industry cannot limit its economic boundaries to its homeland and has to depend on various international economic conditions and are economic threat for the company. Other economic threat to SIA is growth in fuel rates as it composes main element in aircrafts and is used on regular basis in large quantity. Any rise in it can bring instability in the company operation directly or indirectly as if the overall economies of countries destabilizes it can affect the GDP of countries and hence people may become more concentrated in their expenditure for extensive travelling.(Jurevicius, 2013) Although SIA utilises best pricing strategy, it is possible that to some extent strategy also might not prove fair. Socially, the company has to face many challenges as operations of SIA are not limited in few countries only. For example, tourists travelling to far country with altogether different culture and language, it might become difficult for them to understand and take assistance from flight attendants during their long journey. Thus SIA requires appointing attendants who are well conversant in different language and culture which requires a huge expenditure to spend significant amount in staffing and for the management who are able to take initiatives.(P estel and Five Forces analysis of Singapore Airline, 2015) Climatic threat has also been prominent in airline industry as any weather disruption like earthquakes, flood, or any other uncertainty in climate can lead to cancellations in flights relating those countries. On the other hand increased concern for environmental friendly services among passengers is increasing in a significant way which makes it a priority concern topic for the management part.(Together We Grow: Environmental Report, 2011) Global warming issues have affected and have been taken into consideration by many industries due to which airline industries have also started undertaking carbon reduction processes to assimilate their part of corporate social responsibility (CSR). SIA lacks some reputation here as it has been slow in responding in this case and hence is been demanded to rise in global prospective from customers.(Singapore Airlines Social Responsibility - Singapore Airlines Results, 2017) In gigantic market of airline industry where people prefers air travelling, mainly in top marketplace, the main arena in which competition is played relates to technological innovations. For this, airline industries spends considerable amount in research and programming division not only to provide technological assistance and comfort to passengers but also to evoke a sense of security among them. Technological factors is far superior in case of SIA as it holds youngest fleets of aircrafts and is a self-righteous holder in adopting new and innovated reclining seats, entertainment systems, headsets, etc. and is still improving on this ground by adopting new and advanced ways. For booking tickets online, the technological factor has great influence and SIA holds good position as it provides great support to its customers by providing easy and correct way of choosing their preference regarding price and class.(Singapore Airlines, 2017) Although countries with poor internet connectivity might not be able to utilise this service and can get astray from SIA whic h might led in losing customers for the company in those areas. Changes in governmental rules and regulations can impact the business politically. The organisation has to take permissions from the government to enter into new routes and to operate in countries where legislations are different which is another challenge the company has to face constantly.(Singapore Airlines: Sustainability Report FY2016/17, 2017) Therefore it can be said that airline industry is much depended on legal factors like government support to sustain in the market Five Forces Analysis Of Singapore Airlines To identify major external forces with which a company is affected, Michael Porter has created a tool, Five Force Analysis with the help of which companys performance within market boundary is identified and can be evaluated accordingly.(Martin, 2017) Threats of new entrants, threat of substitute product, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of consumers, and competitors of industry are few areas that are been identified in this analysis. With the help of this tool the management can predict future threats and opportunities that come in the way of attaining goal of the company. The force relating threat of new entrant refers to the scope in which new competitors can accommodate itself within the industry. In airline industry, this force seems weaker for SIA as the airline industry is highly dominated by it. The government support and national carrier attached to it representing the country itself makes other competitors tough to penetrate in Singapore airline industry and passengers prefer to travel more in nation supported company. (Singapore Airlines: Sustainability Report FY2016/17, 2017)Also, the clogging of the atmosphere and airports enables increase in congestion level and is considered negative from government and passengers view point. Although there are few entrants possessing weak threat who are constantly trying to enter in the long-haul airline sector, while strong threats witnessed recently are the one dealing in short-haul airline passenger sector. The bargaining power of suppliers seems strong in airline industry as it depends highly on other resources like oil and manufacturing parts.(BUSINESS REPORT ON SINGAPORE AIRLINES PRINCIPLES OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT, 2015) Porter has described in its theory that if the bargaining power of suppliers is high then it weakens the relative position of business. In the year 2010, SIA declared that out of its total costs, 33% was due to oil purchase and constant increase in the prices of oil have mad e suppliers power strong enough to make contracts under their conditions.(GALLEZO-ESTAURA, 2016) Boeing and Airbus are the prime suppliers of aircraft and possess bargaining power and monopoly in supply of engines sector. With limited suppliers in manufacturing area, SIA has to constantly face difficulties in its supply and also for their maintenance.(Sustainability Report FY2015/16, 2016) Another weak force which airline industry faces is high bargaining power of customers. Over hundreds of Asian airline companies operate in the Asian region which enables customers to make choices among them according to rates and services provided by them. Increase in access to internet and websites showing comparisons between different flight operators makes it difficult for the company to maintain price. Normally a customer will prefer Airline Company with lower fare which makes their bargaining power strong. Switching costs are also fairly low and lack of customer loyalty can easily make customers switch to other company. SIA has managed to some extent in reducing this force by offering loyalty points and discounts to its regular customers which has saved the companys sustainability. According to Porter, intense rivalry can affect the business and demands change to respond accordingly.(Martin, 2017) There are several routes in which other airline companies provide sufficient amoun t of takeoffs with providing enhanced on board services. In order to sustain in the business the company must adopt price cutting strategies and ensure high service so that threat regarding competition in minimised. Competitive rivalry of SIA seems moderate with its exceptional performance in Singapore Airline industry and presence of few routes like Kangaroo Route in which the company plays control, gives its competitors tough competition.(The way how Singapore airline managing the business) Threat of substitute service according to Potter refers to the extent to which product or service can be replaced by other company with similar range. Due to requirements of government permissions and regulations in international connections, airline industry faces threat of substitutes highly in regional sector. Increase in availability of substitutes has also been a matter of concern for SIA. Although in international service, the company gains prominence. There are other issues also like increase in possibility of introducing high speed rail connections very soon. The scope of telex- communication and technology has also increased which had made people get connected and work from abode rather than making long travelling which was done by them earlier.(BUSINESS REPORT ON SINGAPORE AIRLINES PRINCIPLES OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT, 2015) References Airline Suppliers: Tags Singapore Airlines. (2017). Retrieved from https://www.airline-suppliers.com/tag/singapore-airlines/ AYOB, A. M. (n.d.). SINGAPORE AIRLINES LIMITED: BUILDING A CULTURE OF SERVICE EXCELLENCE . Retrieved from https://mahdzan.com/papers/sia/singapore_airlines.pdf BUSINESS REPORT ON SINGAPORE AIRLINES PRINCIPLES OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT. (2015). Retrieved from https://essaymonster.net/business/109258-business-report-on-singapore-airlines-principles.html Frue, K. (2017). PESTLE Analysis in Strategic Management. Retrieved from https://pestleanalysis.com/pestle-analysis-in-strategic-management/ GALLEZO-ESTAURA, K. (2016). Will cheap jet fuel costs continue to save Singapore Airlines from declining revenues? Retrieved from https://sbr.com.sg/aviation/exclusive/will-cheap-jet-fuel-costs-continue-save-singapore-airlines-declining-revenues Jurevicius, O. (2013). PEST PESTEL Analysis. Retrieved from https://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/tools/pest-pestel-analysis.html KALPI?, B. (2002). Strategic management theory. Retrieved from https://www.dphu.org/uploads/attachements/books/books_5029_0.pdf Martin, M. (2017). Porter's Five Forces: Analyzing the Competition. Retrieved from https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/5446-porters-five-forces.html Pestel and Five Forces analysis of Singapore Airline. (2015). Retrieved from https://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/pestel-and-five-forces-analysis-of-singapore-airline-marketing-essay.php Singapore Airlines. (2017). Retrieved from https://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/in/home Singapore Airlines Social Responsibility - Singapore Airlines Results. (2017). Retrieved from https://www.companyowl.com/s/Singapore%20Airlines/3152?s=singapore%20airlines%20social%20responsibility